外感天行病方
Externally contracted atmospheric disorders formulas
69 弘景曰：外感天行，经方之始，有二旦、六神大小等汤。昔南阳张机，依此诸方，撰写为《伤寒论》一部，疗治明悉，后学咸尊奉之。山林僻居，仓卒难防外感之疾，日数传变，生死往往在三五日间，岂可疏忽。若能深明此数方者，则庶无蹈险之虞也，今亦录而识之。
(Tao) Hongjing says: the origin of the classical formulas use major and minor two Dawn (Yang Dawn and Yin Dawn) and six Constellations to treat the external invasions. Zhang Ji from West Yang province composed Shanghan Lun based on these foundational formulas providing clear treatments. It was highly respected and esteemed by later generations of scholars. (I, or people who) live in the depth of the mountains and often cannot prevent sudden external invasions. Diseases can change and spread and reach a state of life and death in three to five days. One cannot be negligent. If one can deeply shine light on these formulas, then they will not be in such a dangerous situation. Therefore I record down [these formulas] to be passed on.
70 小阳旦汤
Minor Yang Dawn Formula/ xiǎo yáng dàn tāng
治天行发热，自汗出而恶风，鼻鸣乾呕者。
This formula treats externally contracted atmospheric disorder with heat effusion, spontaneous sweating, aversion to wind, sneezing or hoarse breathing in the nose, and dry retching
桂枝三两芍药三两生姜二两，切甘草炙，二两大枣十二枚
桂枝Guizhi 3 liǎng
芍药Shaoyao 3 liǎng
生姜Shengjiang 2 liǎng (cut)
炙甘草Zhigancao 2 liǎng
大枣Dazao 12 pieces
上方，以水七升，煮取三升，温服一升，服已，即啜热稀饭一器，以助药力，稍令汗出，不可大汗流漓，汗之则病不除也。若不汗出，可随服之，取瘥止。日三服，若加饴一升，为正阳旦汤。
Boil the above ingredients in seven shēng of water down to three shēng. Take one shēng warm. After taking the formula, follow it by taking warm congee to augment the effect of the medicine. One should get slight sweating. One cannot sweat a lot, or the disease will not be cured. If one does not sweat, take another dose. Take it three times a day. If add one shēng of (Jiao) Yi, it is called Zheng (Upright) Yang Dawn Decoction.
71 小阴旦汤
Minor Yin Dawn Decoction/ xiǎo yīn dàn tāng
治天行，身热汗出，头目痛，腹中痛，乾呕下利者。
This formula treats externally contracted atmospheric disorder, fever with sweating, pain in the head and eye, abdominal pain, dry retching and diarrhea.
黄芩三两芍药三两生姜二两，切甘草二两，炙大枣十二枚
黄芩Huangqin 3 liǎng
芍药Shaoyao 3 liǎng
炙甘草Zhigancao 2 liǎng
大枣Dazao 12 pieces
生姜Shengjiang 2 liǎng (cut)
上方，以水七升，煮取三升，温服一升，日三服，服汤已，如人行三四里时，令病人啜白浆一器，以助药力，身热之自愈也。
Boil the above ingredients in seven shēng of water down to three shēng. Take one shēng warm three times a day. After taking the formula, the patient feels like they have walked three or four lǐ. Ask patient to take congee to augment the effect of the medicine. When body becomes warm, it will spontaneously bring cure.
72 大阳旦汤
Major Yang Dawn Decoction/ dà yáng dàn tāng
治凡病汗出不止，气息惙，身劳力怯，恶风凉，腹中拘急，不欲饮食，皆宜此方，若脉虚大者，为更切证也。
This formula treats diseases where the person has unstoppable sweating, fatigued breathing, body fatigue and weak strength, aversion to wind and cold, contraction and urgency in the abdomen, unwilling to eat or drink, all can use this formula. If the pulse is weak and big, it fits the pattern even more.
黄芪五两 人参桂枝生姜各三两 甘草炙三两 芍药六两 大枣十二枚 饴一升
黄芪Huangqi 5 liǎng
人参Renshen 3 liǎng
桂枝Guizhi 3 liǎng
生姜Shengjiang 3 liǎng
炙甘草Zhigancao 3 liǎng
芍药Shaoyao 6 liǎng
大枣Dazao 12 pieces
胶饴(Jiao) Yi 1 shēng
上七味，以水一斗，煮取四升，去滓，纳饴上火，令烊已，每服一升，日三夜一服。
Boil the above seven ingredients in one dǒu of water down to four shēng. Drain the herbs and then add Yi to melt it. Take one shēng three times during the day and once at night.
73 大阴旦汤
Major Yin Dawn Decoction/ dà yīn dàn tāng
治凡病头目眩晕，咽中乾，每喜乾呕，食不下，心中烦满，胸胁支痛，往来寒热方：
This formula treats all diseases presenting with dizziness, dry throat, dry retching, food not going down, vexation and fullness in the Heart, propping pain in the rib side, and alternating cold and heat.
柴胡八两人参黄芩生姜各三两甘草炙，二两芍药四两大枣十二枚半夏一升，洗
柴胡Chaihu 8 liǎng
黄芩Huangqin 3 liǎng
人参Renshen 3 liǎng
半夏Banxia 1 shēng
生姜Shengjiang 3 liǎng
炙甘草Zhigancao 2 liǎng
大枣Dazao 12 pieces
芍药Shaoyao 4 liǎng
上八味，以水一斗二升，煮取六升，去滓，重上火，缓缓煎之，取得三升，温服一升，日三服。
Boil the above eight ingredients in one dǒu and two shēng of water down to six shēng. Drain the herbs. Then turn on heat again to slowly simmer down to three shēng. Take one shēng warm three times a day.
74 小青龙汤
Minor Blue-Green Dragon Decoction/ xiǎo qīng lóng tāng
治天行，发热恶寒，汗不出而喘，身疼痛，脉紧者方：
This formula treats externally contracted atmospheric disorder with fever, aversion to cold, sweat not coming out, panting, body pain, and a tight pulse.
麻黄三两杏仁半升，熬，打桂枝三两甘草炙，一两半
麻黄Mahuang 3 liǎng
杏仁Xingren half shēng (boiled and crushed)
桂枝Guizhi 3 liǎng
炙甘草Zhigancao 1 and half liǎng
上方四味，以水七升，先煮麻黄，减二升，掠去上沫，纳诸药，煮取三升，去滓，温服八合，必令汗出彻身，不然恐邪不尽散也。
Use seven shēng of water to first boil Mahuang down to five shēng. Take out the foam above water and then add the rest of the ingredients to boil down to 3 shēng. Drain the herbs. Take eight hé of decoction warm. One must produce full body sweating, or the evil will not be completely expelled.
75 大青龙汤
Major Blue-Green Dragon Decoction/ dà qīng lóng tāng
治天行，表不解，心下有水气，乾呕，发热而喘咳不已者。
This formula treats externally contracted atmospheric disorder with surface not resolved. There is water qì below the Heart, dry retching, fever, and continuous panting and coughing.
麻黄去节细辛芍药甘草炙桂枝各三两五味子半升半夏半升乾姜三两
麻黄Mahuang 3 liǎng (get rid of nodes)
桂枝Guizhi 3 liǎng
芍药Shaoyao 3 liǎng
炙甘草Zhigancao 3 liǎng
五味子Wuweizi half shēng
半夏Banxia half shēng
细辛Xixin 3 liǎng
干姜Ganjiang 3 liǎng
上方八味，以水一斗，先煮麻黄，减二升，掠去上沫，内诸药，煮取三升，去滓，温服一升。一方无乾姜，作七味，当从。
Use one dǒu of water to first boil Mahuang down to 8 shēng. Take out the foam floating above water and then add the rest of the ingredients and boil down to three shēng. Drain the herbs. Take one shēng warm. One version does not have Ganjiang, therefore only have 7 ingredients.
76 小白虎汤
Minor White Tiger Decoction/ xiǎo bái hǔ tāng
治天行热痛，大汗出不止，口舌乾燥，饮水数升不已，脉洪大者方：
This formula treats externally contracted atmospheric disorder with heat pain, profuse unstoppable sweating, dry mouth and tongue, unquenchable thirst even after drinking several shēng of water, and a flooding and big pulse.
石膏如鸡子大，绵裹知母六两甘草炙，二两粳米六合
石膏Shigao size of an egg (brocade wrapped)
知母Zhimu 6 liǎng
炙甘草Zhigancao 2 liǎng
粳米Gengmi 6 hé
上四味，以水一斗，先熬粳米，熟讫，去米，纳诸药，煮取六升，温服二升，日三服。
Use one dǒu of water to first boil Gengmi until it is cooked. Take out rice and add the rest of the herbs down to six shēng. Take two shēng warm, three times a day.
77 大白虎汤
Major White Tiger Decoction/ dà bái hǔ tāng
治天行热病，心中烦热，时自汗出，舌乾，渴欲饮水，时呷嗽不已，久不解者方：
This formula treats externally contracted atmospheric warm disease, vexing heat in the Heart, occasional spontaneous sweating, dry tongue, thirst with a desire to drink water, cough with phlegm that has not been resolved for a long time.
石膏如鸡子大一枚，打麦门冬半升甘草炙，二两粳米六合半夏半升生姜二两，切竹叶三大握
石膏Shigao size of an egg (crushed)
麦门冬Maimendong half shēng
炙甘草Zhigancao 2 liǎng
粳米Gengmi 6 hé
半夏Banxia half shēng
生姜Shengjiang 2 shēng (cut)
竹叶Zhuye three big handful
上方七味，以水一斗二升，先煮粳米，米熟讫，去米，纳诸药，煮至六升，去滓，温服二升，日三服。
Use one dǒu and two shēng of water to first boil Gengmi until it is cooked. Take out rice and add the rest of the herbs and boil down to six shēng. Drain the herbs. Take two shēng warm, three times a day.
78 小朱鸟汤
Minor Red Phoenix Decoction/ xiǎo zhū niǎo tāng
治天行热病，心气不足，内生烦热，坐卧不安，时下利纯血如鸡鸭肝者方：
This formula treats externally contracted atmospheric warm disease with Heart qì deficiency, internally generated vexation and heat, restlessness regardless of sitting or lying down, and occasional diarrhea with blood that looks like chicken or duck liver.
鸡子黄二枚 阿胶三锭黄连四两黄芩芍药各二两
鸡子黄Jizihuang (egg yolk) 2 pieces
阿胶Ejiao 3 dìng
黄连Huanglian 4 liǎng
黄芩Huangqin 2 liǎng
芍药Shaoyao 2 liǎng
上五味，以水六升，先煮连、芩、芍三物，取三升，去滓，内胶，列上火，令烊尽，取下，待小冷下鸡子黄，搅令相得，温服七合，日三服。
Use six shēng of water to first boil Huanglian, Huangqin and Shaoyao down to three shēng. Drain the herbs. Add Ejiao and put on fire again to resolve it. Take down from fire, wait until it cools down a little, and then add Jizihuang. Mix it well. Take 7 hé warm, three times a day.
79 大朱鸟汤
Major Red Phoenix Decoction/ dà zhū niǎo tāng
治天行热病，重下恶毒痢，痢下纯血，日数十行，蠃瘦如柴，心中不安，腹中绞急，痛如刀刺方：
This formula treats externally contracted atmospheric warm disease, severe diarrhea with downpour evil, toxin, and pure blood ten times a day, thin constitution like brushwood, unease in the Heart, twisting pain and urgency in the abdomen that is sharp like a knife.
鸡子黄二枚阿胶三锭黄连四两黄芩芍药各二两人参二两乾姜二两
鸡子黄Jizihuang 2 pieces
阿胶Ejiao 3 dìng
黄连Huanglian 4 liǎng
黄芩Huangqin 2 liǎng
芍药Shaoyao 2 liǎng
人参Renshen 2 liǎng
干姜Ganjiang 2 liǎng
上药七味，以水一斗，先煮连、芩、姜五物，得四升讫，内醇苦酒二升，再煮至四升讫，去滓，次纳胶于内，更上炎，令烊，取下待小冷，纳鸡子黄，搅令相得即成，每服一升，日三夜一服。
Use one dǒu of water to boil Huanglian, Huangqin, Ganjiang, [Renshen, and Shaoyao] down to four shēng. Add two shēng of vinegar and boil down to four shēng. Drain the herbs. Add Ejiao and put it to boil to dissolve it. Take it down from fire to let it cool a bit. Then add Jizihuang. Mix well. Take one shēng three times during the day and once at night.
80 小玄武汤
Minor True Warrior (Black Tortoise) Decoction/ xiǎo xuán wǔ tāng
治天行病，肾气不足，内生虚寒，小便不利，腹中痛，四肢冷者方：
This formula treats externally contracted atmospheric disorder with Kidney qì deficiency, internally generated deficiency cold, unsmooth urination, abdominal pain, and cold extremities.
茯苓三两芍药三两白术二两乾姜三两附子一枚，炮去皮
茯苓Fuling 3 liǎng
芍药Shaoyao 3 liǎng
白术Baizhu 3 liǎng
干姜Ganjiang 3 liǎng
附子Fuzi 1 piece (processed, peeled)
上五味，以水八升，煮取三升，去滓，温服七合，日三服。
Boil the above five ingredients in eight shēng of water down to three shēng. Drain the herbs. Take seven hé warm, three times a day.
81 大玄武汤
Major True Warrior (Black Tortoise) Decoction/ dà xuán wǔ tāng
治肾气虚疲，少腹中冷，腰背沉重，四肢清，小便不利，大便鸭溏，日十馀行，气惙力弱者方：
This formula treats Kidney qì deficiency taxation, cold in the lower abdomen, heaviness in the lower back, cold in the extremities, unsmooth urination, diarrhea like duck pond ten times a day, fatigue and weak.
茯苓三两白术二两附子一枚，炮芍药二两乾姜二两人参二两甘草二两，炙
茯苓Fuling 3 liǎng
白术Baizhu 2 liǎng
附子Fuzi 1 piece (processed)
芍药Shaoyao 2 liǎng
干姜Ganjiang 2 liǎng
人参Renshen 2 liǎng
炙甘草Zhigancao 2 liǎng
上七味，以水一斗，煮取四升，温服一升，日三夜一服。
Boil the above seven ingredients in one dǒu of water down to four shēng. Take one shēng warm, three times during the day and once at night.
82 小勾陈汤
Minor Gouchen Decoction/ xiǎo gōu chén tāng
治天行热病，脾气不足，饮食不化，腰痛，下痢方。
This formula treats externally contracted atmospheric warm disease. Deficiency in Spleen qi with untransformed food and drink, lumbar pain, and diarrhea.
甘草（三两）干姜人参（各二两）大枣（六枚，去核）
甘草Gancao 3 liǎng
干姜Ganjiang 2 liǎng
人参Renshen 2 liǎng
大枣Dazao 6 pieces, remove pit
上四味，以水五升，煮取二升，温分再服。
Use five shēng of water to boil the above four herbs down to 2 shēng. Divide into two doses and take warm.
83 大勾陈汤
Major Goucheng Decoction/ dà gōu chén tāng
治天行热病，脾气虚，邪热入里，腹中雷鸣切痛，呕吐下利不止者方。
This formula treats externally contracted atmospheric warm disease with Spleen qi deficiency, pathogenic heat entering interior, borborygmus and pain in the abdomen, incessant vomiting and diarrhea.
甘草人参（各三两）半夏（一升，洗去滑）生姜（切，二两）黄芩（二两）黄连（二两）大枣（十二枚，劈去核）
半夏Banxia 1 Shēng (wash to remove slipperiness)
黄芩Huangqin 2 liǎng
黄连Huanglian 2 liǎng
人参Renshen 3 liǎng
生姜Shengjiang 2 liǎng (sliced)
甘草Gancao 3 liǎng
大枣Dazao 12 pieces (remove pit)
右七味，以水一斗，煮取六升，温服二升，日三。
Use one dǒu of water to boil the above seven ingredients down to six shēng. Take two shēng warm, three times a day.
84 小腾蛇汤
Minor Soaring Snake Decoction/ xiǎo téng shé tāng
治天行热病，胃气素实，邪气不除，腹满而喘，汗出不止者方。
This formula treats externally contracted atmospheric warm disease with excess in the Stomach qi, unresolved evil qi, abdominal fullness, panting, and unstoppable sweating.
枳实（三两）厚朴（二两）甘草（二两）芒硝（二两）
枳实Zhishi 3 liǎng
厚朴Houpo 2 liǎng
甘草Gancao 2 liǎng
芒硝Mangxiao 2 liǎng
上四味，以水六升，煮取上三味至二升许，去滓，内芒硝，待焰已，顿服之。
Use six shēng of water to Boil the above three ingredients down to 2 shēng. Drain the herbs. Add Mangxiao until it melts. Drink in a single dose.
85 大腾蛇汤
Major Soaring Snake Decoction/ dà téng shé tāng
治天行热病，邪热不除，大腑閟结，腹中大满实，汗出而喘，时神昏不识人，宜此方，急下之方。
This formula treats externally contracted atmospheric warm disease with unresolved pathogenic heat, closure and binding in the Large Intestine, big full and excess in the abdomen, sweating and panting. Disturbed Shen unable to recognize people. Use this formula to swiftly purge.
枳实（三两）厚朴甘草大黄葶苈（熬黑，打如泥）生姜芒硝（后下）
枳实Zhishi 3 liǎng
厚朴Houpo
甘草Gancao
大黄Dahuang
葶苈子Tinglizi (pound it until the color turns black, like mud)
生姜Shengjiang
芒硝Mangxiao (add last)
上七味，以水一斗二升，先煮上六味至四升，去滓，内芒硝，待焰化已，温服二升。生姜一作大枣。
Use 1 dǒu and 2 shēng of water to Boil the above six ingredients down to four shēng. Drain the herbs. Add Mangxiao until it melts. Take two shēng warm. Shengjiang in one version is Dazao.
86 弘景曰：阳旦者，升阳之方，以黄芪为主；阴旦者，扶阴之方，以柴胡为主；青龙者，宣发之方，以麻黄为主；白虎者，收重之方，以石膏为主；朱鸟者，表滋之方，以鸡子黄为主；玄武者，温渗之方，以附子为主；此六方者，为六合之正精，升降阴阳，变互金木，即济水火，乃神明之剂也。张机撰《伤寒论》，避道家之称，故其方皆非正名也，但以其药名之，以推主为识耳。
(Zhang) Jingyue says: Yang Dawn is the direction of the rising sun; Huangqi governs. Yin Dawn is the direction of nourishing yin; Chaihu governs. The Blue-green Dragon is the direction of opening and venting; Mahuang governs. The White Tiger is the direction of collection; Shigao governs. The Red Phoenix is the direction of nourishing the surface; Jizihuang governs. The Xuanwu (Black Tortoise) is the direction of warm percolation; Fuzi governs... These six directions are the essences of the six conformations. Ascending and descending, yin and yang, mutual changes of metal and wood, mixing of the fire and water, these are the formulas of the Illuminating Brilliance (shén míng). When Zhang Ji (Zhang Zhongjing) wrote Shanghan Lun, in order to avoid Daoist names, he changed the names of the formulas using the name of the main herbs.
中恶卒死方
Attached by the evil and sudden death formulas
87 陶隐居云：中恶卒死者，皆臓气被壅，致令内外隔绝所致也，神仙有开五窍以救卒死中恶之方五者，录如左：
Hermit Tao says: people who suffer from attached by the evil and sudden death, the qì of the Zàng organs are obstructed leading to a complete separation of the interior and the exterior. The sages have five formulas that can open the five orifices to rescue attached by evil and sudden death, recorded below.
88 点眼以通肝气：
Touch the eye to connect the Liver qì
治跌仆，腰挫闪，气血著滞、作痛一处，不可欠呻、动转方：
This formula treats drops and falls, pulling and twisting of the lower back, stagnation of qì and blood, fixed pain with inability to extend, move or rotate.
矾石烧赤，取冷，研为细粉
每用少许，以酢蘸，点目大眦，痛在左则点右眦，痛在右则点左眦，当大痒，螯泪大出则愈。
Fanshi (burn it red, wait for it to cool down, grind to thin powder)
Use a little bit with vinegar to dot the corners of the eyes. If the pain is more prominent on the left side, then dot the right corner of the eye. If the pain is more prominent on the right side, dot the left corner of the eye. Patient should experience severe itching. Tears coming out will bring cure.
89 吹鼻以通肺气：
Blow the nose to connect with the Lung qì
治诸凡卒死，息闭不通者，皆可用此法活之。
This formula treats all sudden death with absence of breathing. Use this method to revive the patient.
皂角刮去皮弦，用净肉，火上炙燥，如杏核心大一块，细辛根等分，共为极细末，每用苇管吹鼻中少许，得嚏则活也。
Zaojiao (scrape the skin)
Xixingen equal amount
Blow small amount of very fine powder into the nose with a reed pipe. Sneezing will bring cure.
90 著舌而通心气：
Touch the tongue and connect the Heart qì
治中恶，急心痛，手足遂冷者，顷刻可杀人，看其人唇舌青紫者及指甲青冷者是：
This formula treats attaching by evil and urgent Heart pain. The hands and feet unexpectedly turn cold. One could die instantaneously. If the lip, tongue and fingernails are purple and blue green, there is cold.
硝石五钱匕雄黄一钱匕
Xiaoshi, 5 qián spoon
Xionghuang, 1 qián spoon
上二味，共为极细末，启病者舌，著散一匕于舌下，少时即定，若有涎出，令病者随涎咽下必愈。
Grind above two ingredients into very fine powder and put one spoon under the tongue. If saliva comes out, ask the patient to swallow the powder will bring cure.
91 启喉以通脾气：
Open the throat to connect the Spleen qì
治过食难化之物，或异品有毒，宿积不消，毒势攻注，心腹痛如刀搅。
This formula treats overeating difficult to digest foods or poisonous foods. Unresolved stagnating food increases toxicity causing pain in the Heart and abdomen as if stirred by a knife.
赤小豆瓜蒂各等分
Chixiaodou, equal amount
Guadi
共为散，每用咸豉半升，以水二升，煮豉取一升，去滓，纳散一匕，顿服，少项当大吐则瘥。
Use as powder with half shēng of salty Chi. Boil one shēng of Chi in two shēng of water. Drain the herbs. Add one spoon of the powder. Drink in a single dose. Vomiting brings cure.
启喉方：救误食诸毒及生冷硬物，宿积不消，心中痛疼方。赤小豆、瓜蒂各等分，为散讫，加盐豉少许，共捣为丸，以竹箸启病者齿，温水送入口中，得大吐即愈
Open the throat formula: This formula treats mistakenly eaten poisonous food or cold or hard object. Stagnating food unable to digest causing pain in the Heart. Use equal amount of Chixiaodou and Guadi and mix into powder. Add a little bit of salty Chi and make into pills. Use a bamboo to open the patient’s teeth and bring the pill in the mouth with warm water. Vomiting brings cure.
92 熨耳以通肾气：
Smooth the ear to connect the Kidney Qì
治梦魇不寐
This formula treats insomnia due to nightmares.
烧热汤二升，入戎盐七合，令烊化已，切葱白十五茎纳汤内，视汤再沸，即将葱取出，捣如泥，以麻布包之，熨病者二耳，令葱气入耳，病者即寐也。
Boil two shēng of hot water, add seven hé of Rongyan to be dissolved. Cut fifteen pieces of Congbai and add in the decoction. Take out Congbai once the decoction is boiling. Pound it into mud and cover it with sackcloth. Put it on the patient’s ears to get Cong qì enter the ears. Patient will sleep soundly.
灌耳方：救饮水过，小便闭塞，涓滴不通方。烧汤一斗，入戎盐一升，葱白十五茎，莫令葱太热，勺汤，指试不太热，即灌耳中，令病者侧卧，下以一盆著汤，承耳下薰之，少时小便通，愈
Irrigate the ear formula: this formula rescues over consumption of water and inability to urinate. Boil one dǒu of water, add one shēng of Rongyan and fifteen pieces of Congbai. Make sure that Cong is not too hot by putting a finger in it. Have the patient lie on the side with a bucket underneath. Pour the decoction in the ear. Urination brings cure.
93 上五方，乃神仙救急之道，若畜病者，可倍用之。
These five formulas are methods of rescuing emergency by the sages. If encountering such illness, one can use them.
